Strategi Pendidikan Karakter dalam Mengatasi Penurunan Moral Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The decline of moral values among elementary school students is an educational concern that cannot be separated from changes in the social environment, digital technology, and family life. Character education therefore needs to be understood not merely as verbal transmission of values, but as a process of developing moral knowledge, attitudes, habits, and actions through consistent practice. This article aims to analyze character education strategies that can respond to the decline of morality among elementary school students through a literature review. The review focuses on the integration of character values into learning, habituation and role modelling, school culture, extracurricular activities, and collaboration among schools, families, and communities. The literature is analyzed thematically by considering the relationship between moral problems, character-formation mechanisms, and educational environments. The review indicates that character education becomes more meaningful when values are not limited to instructional content but are translated into repeated practices in students’ daily lives. Teachers have an important position as role models, while families and communities help maintain continuity of values beyond school. In the digital context, character education also needs to be accompanied by digital literacy and media ethics. The synthesis suggests that an ecosystem-based approach linking learning, school culture, family, community, and the digital environment is more relevant for sustained character development.