Keanekaragaman Genetik Kerbau (Bubalus sp.) di Asia Tenggara melalui Kajian Gen Cytochrome b (cyt b) in-Silico

Abstract

Water buffalo (Bubalus sp.) is a livestock species that originated from the wild buffalo domesticated in India and now is widely distributed, including in Southeast Asia. In Southeast Asia, water buffalo are utilized as draft animals, for meat production, and in traditional ceremonies. The significance of this species necessitates studies on its genetic diversity to support breeding programs and understand its evolutionary history. This article aims to investigate the genetic diversity of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Southeast Asia through an in-silico study. The implemented methodology is an exploratory descriptive research design, which involved the inventory of Cytochrome b (cyt b) gene sequences from the NCBI GenBank database. The inventory results found a total of 38 cyt b gene sequences of Bubalus bubalis originating from Southeast Asia. These sequences originated from the Philippines (25 samples, 906 bp), Indonesia (3 samples, 906 bp), Thailand (10 samples, varying from 359 bp to 1117 bp), and Vietnam (1 sample, 560 bp). The difference in gene length caused variation in the gene sequences. These variations included nucleotide substitution patterns such as transitions (C→T, T→C, G→A) and transversions (A→T, T→A, C→A, A→C), as well as a cytosine insertion. This variation is important as it can potentially influence the genetic variability of the water buffalo population in Southeast Asia