Strategi Pembelajaran Structural Academic Controversy Sebagai Upaya Alternatif Untuk Meningkatkan Ketrampilan Bermusyawarah-Mufakat
Keywords:
Musyawarah-mufakat, Structural Academic Controversy, Demokrasi PancasilaAbstract
Musyawarah mufakat sebagai mekanisme pengambilan keputusan yang paling baik dan utama menurut demokrasi Pancasila. Prinsip dan asas musyawarah mufakat sebagai ciri khas demokrasi Pancasila bersumber asli dari sosio budaya masyarakat Indonesia. Kajian teorik atas mekanisme musyawarah mufakat mengandaikan berbagai macam ketrampilan. Ketrampilan tersebut diantaranya adalah ketrampilan berkomunikasi (communication skills), ketrampilan bernegosiasi (negotiation skills), ketrampilan memahami dan menghayati persoalan dengan baik (intelectual skills), ketrampilan memberikan penjelasan secara rasional (argumentation skills). Berdasarkan nilai nilai Pancasila, musyawarah untuk mufakat dilakukan dengan akal sehat, menghargai dan menghormati perbedaan pendapat mengutamakan kepentingan umum di atas kepentingan pribadi atau golongan. Keputusan musyawarah mufakat didasarkan pada nilai-nilai luhur sehingga dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara moral Kemampuan bermusyawarah mufakat dapat dikembangkan dalam proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan strategi yang layak. Strategi pembelajaran Structural Academic Controversy, dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk mengembangkan kemampuan bermusyawarah mufakat di kalangan pesertadidik terutama mahasiswa. Strategi pembelajaran Structural Academic Controversy dalam proses pembelajaranya didukung teori komunikasi, teori negosiasi,teori persuasi, teori argumentasi dan teori belajar sosial. Secara empiris strategi ini terbukti dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Dengan demikian melalui strategi pembelajaran Structural Academic Controversy peserta didik memperoleh ketrampilan ganda yaitu ketrampilan berpikir tingkattinggi dan ketrampilan dalam pengambilan keputusan secara musyawarah mufakat.
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