From Usability to User Experience: A Systematic Literature Review of Digital Interaction Research Across Emerging Technology Contexts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29407/51m5fz11Keywords:
Digital Interaction, Emerging Technologies, Human Computer Interaction, Usability, User ExperienceAbstract
The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence, immersive systems, digital health, mobile applications, online learning, and smart services has shifted digital interaction research from a narrow emphasis on usability toward a broader understanding of user experience (UX). This article synthesizes 109 peer-reviewed journal articles indexed in Scopus between 2021 and 2026 to explain how usability has been conceptualized, measured, and extended across emerging technology contexts. The evidence shows that usability remains a foundational construct associated with effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction, accessibility, learnability, and task performance. Yet contemporary UX research increasingly incorporates trust, engagement, emotion, perceived usefulness, cognitive workload, acceptance, cultural relevance, safety, inclusion, and long-term intention to use. Quantitative studies dominate the field, supported by qualitative inquiry and review-based synthesis, while theoretical perspectives span usability engineering, human-computer interaction, technology acceptance, learning design, digital health, inclusive design, responsible AI, and sociotechnical systems. Across education, healthcare, artificial intelligence, AR/VR, chatbots, digital services, and accessibility-oriented technologies, the evidence indicates that usability is necessary but not sufficient for meaningful technology use. The review therefore conceptualizes usability and UX as connected layers of digital evaluation: usability establishes whether interaction is workable, whereas UX explains whether it is meaningful, trustworthy, inclusive, engaging, and valuable in context.
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