Tentang Prosiding Prosiding Seminar Nasional Hayati adalah terbitan artikel open akses yang dikelola dan diterbitkan oleh Program Studi S1 Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri dan berada dibawah naungan PPI Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri. Artikel-artikel yang terbitkan merupakan artikel yang telah diseminarkan pada acara seminar tahunan Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi dan telah direview oleh reviewer. Acara seminar tahunan tersebut dapat dilaksanakan secara daring di Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri, luring via aplikasi zooom, maupun hybrid(Daring dan Luring). Skop Prosiding ini meliputi : inovasi di bidang biologi, ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi di bidang biologi, pengabdian kepada masyarakat, lingkungan hidup, bioteknologi, pembelajaran dan pengembangan di bidang biologi. Indeksasi: Prosiding ini terindeks Google Schoolar E-ISSN 3125-0963
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI
Creative thinking involves generating unconventional ideas and producing original thoughts. Individual creativity can be reflected through problem-solving skills, personal dispositions, and habitual thinking patterns. This study aims to describe the creative thinking profile of students in Grade XI MIPA 1. A participatory survey method was employed using a creative thinking questionnaire adapted from Joe Tidd and John Bessant (2011). The sample consisted of 24 students from one Grade XI MIPA class. Data were analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach. The results showed that students’ creative thinking abilities were categorized into four levels: high creativity, above-average creativity, average creativity, and low creativity.
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Analisis Potensi Serapan Kandungan Senyawa Dalam Tanaman Sirih Cina (Peperomia pellucida) Terhadap Tubuh Secara In Silico
Peperomia pellucida (Peperomia pellucida) leaves constitute a traditional medicinal plant that is believed to have numerous benefits. This Peperomia pellucida plant is also known to exhibit antibacterial, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antifungal, antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive activities. This study aims to analyze the potential absorption of compound constituents in Peperomia pellucida (Peperomia pellucida) in the body through an in silico approach. The method used is descriptive exploratory by utilizing the PubChem and SwissADME websites. Based on the results of data analysis through an exploratory study, it can be identified that Peperomia pellucida (Peperomia pellucida) contains 25 active compounds that can be absorbed by the body. This article is an article adapted from previous research with a different topic
Mengungkap Potensi Senyawa pada Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) sebagai Antivirus Secara In Silico
Jatropha curcas L. is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine. The leaves of J. curcas contain bioactive compounds that are potential antiviral agents. This study aims to identify and analyze the potential antiviral compounds present in J. curcas leaves. A descriptive exploratory method was employed using online databases PubChem and Way2Drug. The exploratory analysis revealed several bioactive compounds with significant antiviral activity, including Phytol, Linalool, and E-Geranylacetone, which exhibited high probability of activity (PA) values. These findings indicate that J. curcas leaves possess promising potential as a natural source of antiviral agents.
KAJIAN ETNOBOTANI PADA RITUAL MANTEN TEBU PABRIK GULA MODJOPANGGUNG TULUNGAGUNG
Ethnobotanical studies are closely related to communities that utilize plants in traditional rituals. The ancestral ritual of Manten Tebu at the Modjopanggung Sugar Factory, Kauman District, Tulungagung Regency, is performed annually at the beginning of the milling season and consists of two stages: a pre-procession and a main procession. This ritual incorporates a wide range of local plant species, each carrying specific philosophical and symbolic meanings. This study employed a qualitative approach with data collected through semi-structured interviews. The findings identified 17 plant species used in the Manten Tebu ritual. Plant use in the ritual is also accompanied by conservation practices carried out by the Sugarcane Farmers Association, including selective sugarcane management through field documentation, varietal selection, and assessment of crop maturity.
KAJIAN ETNOBOTANI DALAM RANGKAIAN UPACARA MELASTI MASYARAKAT KOMUNITAS HINDU DI DUKUH CURIK DESA BAJULAN NGANJUK
The Melasti Ceremony is a purification ritual performed by Hindus to welcome the Nyepi Holy Day. The ceremony aims to enhance the preservation of the natural environment and to eliminate human traits that are destructive to nature. This research aims to determine the utilization of plants as a component of the Melasti ceremony sequence among the Hindu Community in Curik Hamlet. The research method employed was qualitative. Data collection techniques included observation, semi-structured interviews, and in-depth documentation with the most knowledgeable and data rich informant, specifically the Temple Priest (Pemangku Pura), who is considered an authority on the studied issue. The results indicate that the Hindu Community utilizes surrounding flora as a sacred element within the Melasti ceremony sequence. The plant types used in the Melasti ceremony include Puspam (flowers): Ylang-ylang Flower (Cananga odorata), White Champaca Flower (Magnolia alba), Purple Ruellia (Ruellia tuberosa L.), Rose (Rosa sp.), and Jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.); Phalam (seeds/fruits): underground crops (Pala Pendem), hanging crops (Pala Gantung), and legumes (Pala Wijo), Apple, Banana, and Coconut; Patram (leaves): Young Coconut Leaves (Janur), Banana Leaves, and fruit tree leaves; and specific plants/trees: Banyan Tree (Ficus benjamina), Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata), and Black Bamboo (Gigantochloa atter).
Analisis Biokomputasi Senyawa Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum L.) sebagai Antioksidan
Bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) are known to contain antioxidant compounds that can be used as herbal medicine, including for lowering cholesterol levels, as anticancer agents, wound healers, chitinase inhibitors, treatments for bone diseases, prostate disorders, and as antiviral agents. The purpose of this article is to further analyze the compounds in bay leaves (S. polyanthum) that function as antioxidants. A descriptive–explorative research method was used to identify the compounds contained in bay leaves (S. polyanthum). This study was conducted in silico. The results showed that there are four main antioxidant compounds in bay leaves (S. polyanthum). Squalene functions in fat or cholesterol synthesis and catalyzes many reactions involved in drug metabolism. β-sitosterol has properties that help reduce cholesterol levels, act as an anticancer agent, and accelerate wound healing. Pyrogallol functions in regulating body cholesterol and preventing cellular damage. Phytol also plays a role in cholesterol control and has antiviral activity.
Ratna Valentina Dian Laksmi Candra Kirana
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI PADA PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI
This study aims to analyze the quality of critical thinking test instruments used in Grade XI Science classes at SMA Negeri 3 Kediri during biology learning. Research data were obtained through interviews and test administration. Interviews with the Grade XI biology teacher indicated that students’ motivation to learn biology remains low. Test results further revealed that students’ higher-order thinking skills, particularly critical thinking, are still at a low level. This study employed a participatory research method to examine the instrument’s effectiveness and the learning context. The findings highlight the need for improved instructional strategies and assessment tools to strengthen students’ critical thinking skills in biology learning.
Mengungkap Potensi Senyawa Bioaktif Air Kelapa (Cocos Nucifera) Sebagai Obat Detoksifikasi Racun Merkuri
This study aims to reveal the potential of compounds found in coconut water (Cocos nucifera) as detoxifying agents against mercury toxicity. The method used was a descriptive–explorative study with the collection and identification of chemical compound data from the literature. The types of active compounds present in Cocos nucifera were compiled through literature review. Compound IDs, canonical SMILES, biological activities, and Pa values were analyzed in silico using web servers (PubChem and Way2Drug) with a Pa threshold of > 0.7 to predict potential biological activities. Based on the literature search, three active chemical compounds were identified in Cocos nucifera: valine, tyrosine, and methionine. Valine showed activity as a superoxide dismutase inhibitor (inhibiting oxidative damage) (0.893), a glutamate uptake inhibitor (inhibiting glutamate absorption) (0.854), and a serine–pyruvate transaminase inhibitor (preventing liver damage caused by mercury exposure) (0.833). Tyrosine exhibited activity as a diiodophenylpyruvate reductase inhibitor (preventing the conversion of mercury into toxic forms) (0.928), an FMO3 substrate (producing antioxidants) (0.824), and a muramoyltetrapeptide carboxypeptidase inhibitor (inhibiting mercury entry into cells) (0.799). Finally, methionine showed activity as a pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme inhibitor (preventing nerve damage) (0.738), a CYP2H substrate (regulating xenobiotic substrates) (0.717), and a flavin-containing monooxygenase substrate (involved in xenobiotic metabolism) (0.787). These three compounds have diverse targets in the human body. The results indicate that all three compounds have high Pa scores and various potential activities, particularly in inhibiting enzymes associated with mercury poisoning. This study is expected to contribute to scientific knowledge and serve as a foundation for further research on the development of local plant-based treatments for mercury detoxification.
NILAI – NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL SUKU ANAK DALAM (SAD) DALAM PEMANFAATAN HEWAN DIBUKIT DUA BELAS PROVINSI JAMBI
The Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) community maintains a strong interaction with animals due to their hunting tradition. The purpose of this study is to reveal the knowledge of animal species diversity utilized by the community for their daily lives. The research was conducted in Lantak Seribu Village, Renah Pamenang District, Merangin Regency, Jambi Province. The method involved classifying animals used as food sources and classifying the tools employed in hunting activities. The study adopted a descriptive method combined with Ethnography, which included interviews and data collection through video surveys, articles, and interviews with a descendant of the Suku Anak Dalam, using three developmental procedures: Ethnography, Narrative Research, and Research & Development (R&D). The objective of this research is to understand how the Suku Anak Dalam utilize animals and nature as Ethnozoology to extract local wisdom values regarding animal utilization efforts in Bukit Dua Belas National Park.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Praktikum Berbasis Video Pada Materi Sistem Respirasi Kelas XI SMA Negeri 6 Kota Kediri
Biology is a discipline that develops through systematic processes of observation, problem formulation, hypothesis construction, experimentation, and concept discovery. This study aims to examine strategies for enhancing student motivation through video-based practical learning media. A literature review and observational approach were employed to analyze the effectiveness of video-supported biology practicum activities in online learning settings. The findings indicate that video-based practicum media improve students’ conceptual understanding and increase their motivation to engage in learning during remote instruction. These results highlight the potential of instructional videos as an alternative medium to support practical learning when direct laboratory access is limited.
ETNOBOTANI DALAM TRADISI ‘SIRAMAN’ BULAN SURO DI AIR TERJUN SEDUDO DESA NGLIMAN KABUPATEN NGANJUK
The Siraman Sedudo Ceremony represents a form of cultural and traditional acculturation of the Nganjuk community, believed to invoke blessings and safety. The ceremony is traditionally held in the middle of the Suro month. Therefore, this research was conducted to identify the types of plants utilized in the Siraman Sedudo ritual, the meaning of these plants, and the degree of their usage. This study employed a qualitative method, with the Village Caretaker (Juru Kunci) of Ngaliman serving as the research subject. Data collection techniques included observation, structured, and in-depth interviews concerning the Siraman Sedudo ritual, along with documentation. The utilized plants are grouped into two categories based on their function: special plants and offering plants (sesajen). The special plant group consists of the Ylang-Ylang Flower (Cananga odorata (Lamk.) Hook.), which symbolically signifies a greeting for the community's safety, ensuring the well-being of the Nganjuk people. Four types of plants were found to be used as offerings in the Siraman Sedudo ritual: White Rose (Rosa alba), Jasmine (Jasminum sambac), White Champaca (Michelia alba), and Fragrant Pandan (Pandanus amarylilfolius).
Analisis Variasi Genetik pada Genus Helianthus (Asteraceae) Berdasarkan Penanda Gen rbcL
Genetic variation analysis aims to determine biodiversity at the genetic level and support the search for superior seeds in plant breeding programs. This study aimed to determine genetic variation in the Helianthus genus based on the rbcL gene. The method used was a descriptive, exploratory approach. The research began by downloading the rbcL gene DNA sequence from the Helianthus genus through the GenBank database on the NCBI website. Next, sequence alignment was performed using BioEdit version 7.2.5 software to identify sites of genetic variation. Based on the alignment results of 22 rbcL gene DNA sequences, 16 sites of genetic variation were identified in the Helianthus genus with potential molecular markers.
Pengaruh Pemberian Mol Daun Pepaya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Selada (Lactuca sativa L.)
Penelitian ini dilakukkan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian MOL daun pepaya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman selada (Lactuca sativa L.) pada lahan This study was conducted to determine the effect of papaya leaf MOL application on the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in narrow fields. The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Block Design (RBD). This treatment consisted of three treatments with two replications. The parameters observed were plant height and number of leaves. The results showed that papaya leaf MOL was ineffective on lettuce growth.
Mengungkap Potensi Senyawa Bioaktif pada Daun Cocor Bebek (Kalanchoe pinnata) sebagai Obat Tradisional Luka Bakar
Pincushion plant leaves (Kalanchoe pinnata) are ornamental plants that are often used by Indonesians as traditional medicine for wounds. They are known to contain bioactive compounds that can be used as medicine for wounds, including burns, because pincushion plant leaves have pharmacological activities such as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, antifungals, anti-infectives, and anti-free radicals. The purpose of this study was to reveal the potential of bioactive compounds in duckbill leaves (Kalanchoe pinnata) as a traditional burn medicine through biocomputational methods. The method used was an exploratory descriptive method using the Pubchem and Pass Online (why 2 drug) websites. Pincushion plant leaves are known to contain 10 bioactive compounds, and through website searches, 8 compounds were identified with the highest probability values, including kaempferol-3-glucoside (0.960), quercetin-3 rhamnoside-L-arabino (0.986), furanoside (0.966), astragalin (0.978), rutin (0.993), quercetin (0.970), fredelin (0.851), and kaempferol (0.890). The results of this study indicate that the bioactive compounds in cocor bebek leaves can protect and treat burns.
Analisis In Silico Senyawa Kimia pada Daun Anredera cordifolia (Binahong) sebagai Antidiabetes
The objective of this study was to identify chemical compounds in Anredera cordifolia leaves with antidiabetic potential using an in silico approach. Four compounds were analyzed, namely morin, myricetin, vitexin, and isovitexin. The study employed in silico analysis using several bioinformatics platforms, including SwissADME, Way2Drug, and ProTox-3.0. The results indicated that morin was the most promising candidate, as it fulfilled all Lipinski’s Rule of Five criteria, exhibited high gastrointestinal absorption, and belonged to a low toxicity class with an LD₅₀ value of 3919 mg/kg. In contrast, the other compounds demonstrated limitations in pharmacological feasibility and toxicity profiles. This study supports the potential utilization of Anredera cordifolia leaves as a natural source of antidiabetic compounds for the development of alternative therapeutic agents
Analisis Variasi Sekuen Gen Beberapa Tumbuhan Genus Syzygium Berdasarkan Gen MatK
Genetic variation analysis aims to determine biodiversity at the gene level and to identify superior germplasm for plant breeding. The matK (Maturase K) gene is a chloroplast gene of approximately 1,500 base pairs (bp) located within the trnK intron and can reveal more specific molecular characteristics. This study aims to determine gene variation within the genus Syzygium based on the matK gene. The method used was descriptive exploratory. The research stages began with downloading matK gene DNA sequences of the genus Syzygium from the GenBank database on the NCBI website, followed by sequence alignment using BioEdit version 7.2.5, and subsequently analyzing the variation sites of the matK gene in the genus Syzygium. The results of the alignment of six matK gene DNA sequences revealed 23 gene variation sites within the genus Syzygium.
Keanekaragaman Genetik Kerbau (Bubalus sp.) di Asia Tenggara melalui Kajian Gen Cytochrome b (cyt b) in-Silico
Water buffalo (Bubalus sp.) is a livestock species that originated from the wild buffalo domesticated in India and now is widely distributed, including in Southeast Asia. In Southeast Asia, water buffalo are utilized as draft animals, for meat production, and in traditional ceremonies. The significance of this species necessitates studies on its genetic diversity to support breeding programs and understand its evolutionary history. This article aims to investigate the genetic diversity of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Southeast Asia through an in-silico study. The implemented methodology is an exploratory descriptive research design, which involved the inventory of Cytochrome b (cyt b) gene sequences from the NCBI GenBank database. The inventory results found a total of 38 cyt b gene sequences of Bubalus bubalis originating from Southeast Asia. These sequences originated from the Philippines (25 samples, 906 bp), Indonesia (3 samples, 906 bp), Thailand (10 samples, varying from 359 bp to 1117 bp), and Vietnam (1 sample, 560 bp). The difference in gene length caused variation in the gene sequences. These variations included nucleotide substitution patterns such as transitions (C→T, T→C, G→A) and transversions (A→T, T→A, C→A, A→C), as well as a cytosine insertion. This variation is important as it can potentially influence the genetic variability of the water buffalo population in Southeast Asia
Mengungkapkan Potensi Senyawa Bioaktif Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) sebagai Obat Luka secara Biokomputasi
Binahong leaves are known to have pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, antiviral and even antiulcerative. The purpose of this study was to reveal the bioactive compounds contained in binahong leaves for wound medicine biocomputationally. This study was conducted biocomputationally and the data obtained were analyzed descriptively exploratively. The types of bioactive compounds contained in binahong leaves were obtained from the results of literature searches, Pubchem and PassOnline (way2drug) databases. The search results obtained 17 compounds contained in binahong leaves, then there are 5 main compounds with the largest composition in binahong leaves. These 5 compounds are phytol, cis,cis,cis-7,10,13-hexadecatrienal, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl palmitate, 2-ethylbutyric acid, monododecyl ester, and hexadecanoic acid. These five compounds have a high probability of activity and work on the target compound as a wound medicine.
Analisis In-Silico Potensi Senyawa Antioksidan Batang Spatholobus littoralis (Bajakah)
Bajakah is a traditional medicinal plant native to the forests of Kalimantan and is known to contain various active compounds such as flavonoids, hydroquinone, alkaloids, phenols, and terpenoids. This study aims to analyze the antioxidant potential of compounds found in the stem of Spatholobus littoralis through in silico methods, including drug-likeness evaluation based on Lipinski’s Rule, ADMET prediction (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity), and toxicity assessment using ProTox-3.0. The results showed that all five compounds complied with Lipinski’s Rule and exhibited high gastrointestinal absorption and reasonably good bioavailability. These compounds also demonstrated diverse antioxidant activities, such as free radical scavenging and inhibition of oxidative enzymes. Based on toxicity predictions, flavonoids and terpenoids were classified as Class V (non-toxic), alkaloids as Class IV (slightly toxic), and hydroquinone and phenols as Class III (moderately toxic), with hydroquinone showing the highest toxicity indicated by an LD₅₀ value of 225 mg/kg. These findings support the potential of bajakah stem as a promising source of natural antioxidant compounds for further development.
Analisis Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas X MIPA 3 SMAN 4 Kediri
This research aims to determine the results of the analysis of students'critical thinking skills in biology learning. This study employed aqualitative descriptive research design. The subjects of the study werestudents of class X MIPA 3 at SMAN 4 Kediri. The method utilized wasa participatory survey method. The results were analyzeddescriptively. Based on the analysis, it was found that 64% of studentsstill had low critical thinking skills, while 36% of students alreadypossessed critical thinking skills. Based on the findings, students mustbe able to improve their critical thinking skills for more effectiveproblem-solving in biology learning
Mengungkap Potensi Senyawa Kimia Saga (Abrus precatorius L.) Sebagai Obat Tradisional
Abrus precatorius is known to contain active chemical compounds that can be utilized as traditional medicine. This study aims to reveal the potential of saga (A. precatorius) chemical compounds as traditional medicinal agents. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The types of active compounds present in A. precatorius were compiled through a literature review. The ID, canonical SMILES, activities, and Pa values of the compounds were analyzed in silico using web servers (PubChem and Way2Drug). The results of this study identified five active chemical compounds in A. precatorius, namely 4-vinylphenol, p-vinylguaiacol, stigmasterol, phytol, and β-ionone. 4-vinylphenol exhibits activity as a gluconate 2-dehydrogenase (acceptor) inhibitor (inhibiting chemical reactions) (0.933) and as a CYP2E1 substrate (hepatotoxicity) (0.820). p-vinylguaiacol shows carminative activity (preventing gas formation in the digestive tract) (0.855). Stigmasterol demonstrates antihypercholesterolemic activity (preventing high cholesterol levels in the blood) (0.970). Phytol has potential as an anti-ulcerative agent (reducing excessive gastric acid production) (0.736). β-ionone exhibits activity as a CYP2J substrate (anticancer) (0.958). These five compounds have diverse or different targets when present in the human body.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Pot Batang Pisang sebagai Media Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuahan Tanaman Kangung Darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir)
Banana pseudo-stem is a part of the banana plant that has not been optimally utilized. Utilizing the banana pseudo-stem as a pot for planting media can be an alternative solution when planting space is diminishing due to expanding residential areas. Pots made from banana pseudo-stems are environmentally friendly and possess high water content, making them suitable for areas frequently experiencing water scarcity. This research aims to determine the effect of using banana pseudo-stem pots as a planting medium on the growth of upland water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir). The research method employed was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three treatments: A = banana pseudo-stem only as a pot, B = soil + rice husk mixture with a banana pseudo-stem as a pot, and C = soil only with a banana pseudo-stem as a pot. The results showed that the treatment using soil and the banana pseudo-stem as a pot (Treatment C) exhibited faster and better growth compared to the other treatments.
Kajian Konseptual: Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik sebagai Solusi Permasalahan Pembelajaran Biologi Siswa Kelas XI MAN 1 Kota Kediri
Learning issues are frequently encountered by both teachers andstudents. These constraints often arise due to the mismatch betweenthe instructional media, teaching materials, or the specific learningmethod being employed. This literature study discusses a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model strategy based on the ScientificApproach, which aims to address the learning problems faced inGrade XI Biology classes at MAN 1 Kota Kediri. The methodologyutilized is a literature review (or systematic literature review). Theresults of this study suggest that the PjBL model is believed to havethe potential to enhance student’s conceptual understanding andincrease learning motivation.
Analisis Struktur Tiga Dimensi Protein Alergen Hewani Menggunakan Program Swiss-Model
Animal protein allergy is a health problem that is increasingly receiving attention. To understand the mechanism of interaction between allergens and the immune system, in-depth information about the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the protein is needed. This study was conducted to model the 3D structure of animal allergen proteins, namely Beta-lactoglobulin from cow's milk, Parvalbumin from leopard grouper (Lateolabrax maculatus), and Ovalbumin from chicken eggs, these three proteins were chosen because of their complete amino acid content and are often the cause of allergies in humans, so it is important to analyze more deeply from the molecular structure side. This study uses an exploratory research method through complete in silico analysis, namely through the NCBI server, SWISS-MODEL, Saves to search for Ramachandra plots, and Pymol. The results showed that the prediction of the allergen protein structure of Ovalbumin (selected proteins analyzed using the Ramachandran plot) produced a three-dimensional protein structure model with an identity value of 100.00%. The protein template used was 1ova.1.A (SWISS-MODEL). This research has the potential to be further developed accurately and reliably.
Mengungkap Potensi Senyawa Antibakteri dan Batas Aman Konsumsi Buah Areca catechu (Pinang) secara In Silico
Areca catechu (betel nut) is a tropical plant that has been widely used in traditional medicine, particularly its fruit. Betel nut is known to contain various bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids, which have potential antibacterial properties. This study aims to investigate the antibacterial potential of compounds found in betel nut fruit and to evaluate their safety limits for consumption. The research was conducted in silico using a descriptive–exploratory approach with data obtained from the PubChem, PASS Online (Way2Drug), and ProTox databases. The results identified three major compounds in betel nut fruit—arecoline, procyanidin A1, and flavonoids—which exhibit potential antibacterial activity. Based on toxicity assessments, arecoline was classified as “slightly toxic” with an LD₅₀ value of 550 mg/kg and showed potential neurotoxic and carcinogenic effects. Meanwhile, procyanidin A1 and flavonoids were categorized as “relatively safe” with LD₅₀ values of 2,500 mg/kg, although they demonstrated potential nephrotoxic effects. These findings indicate that although these compounds have antibacterial potential, their safety for consumption must be carefully considered
Mengungkap Potensi Senyawa pada Tanaman Sirih Cina (Peperomia pellucida) Sebagai Antioksidan Secara IN SILICO
Chinese betel (Peperomia pellucida) is a traditional medicinal plant that can be used as an antioxidant. This plant has been used as an anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-dermatogenic agent. Exploratory results have revealed numerous compounds and antioxidant activity, including caryophyllene, phytol, apiol, 1,4-benzenediol, 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, and n-hexadecanoic acid. This study aims to uncover the potential of compounds in the Chinese betel plant as antioxidants.
Mengungkap Potensi Senyawa Kimia pada Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L) Sebagai Antikanker Secara Biokomputasi
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapy remains the primary method for treating cancer; however, it has limitations, including high side effects and the emergence of drug resistance. Therefore, alternative treatments that are safer and more effective are needed by utilizing natural products. This study aims to reveal the potential of bioactive compounds contained in soursop leaves (Annona muricata) as anticancer agents. The method used was a literature study by reviewing various references and chemical databases, namely PubChem and PASS Online (Way2Drug), to identify bioactive compounds present in soursop leaves and to predict their biological activities. The results of the analysis indicate that soursop leaves contain several important bioactive compounds, including (Z)-7-tetradecenal, n-hexadecanoic acid, oleyl alcohol, and phytol. These compounds exhibit antioxidant activity, which plays a role in protecting cells from oxidative damage, one of the main causes of cancer development. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that soursop leaves have significant potential as a natural source of anticancer compounds. This study recommends further investigations through in vitro and in vivo experiments to confirm the effectiveness and safety of the bioactive compounds in soursop leaves as candidates for natural anticancer drugs.
Analisis Struktur Tiga Dimensi Lumbricin dengan Metode Homologi Menggunakan Program Swiss-Model
Lumbricin is a bacterial control substance produced by earthworms that exhibits antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial mechanism of earthworm proteins involves the formation of pores in the bacterial cell wall. This causes the bacterial cytoplasm to be exposed to the external environment, thereby disrupting intracellular activities and leading to cell death. This study aims to construct a three-dimensional protein structure model using SWISS-MODEL. In the modern era, the active compound lumbricin in earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) is utilized as a medicinal ingredient in several developed and developing countries, such as France and Italy. Earthworms are also used in the cosmetic industry, where this active compound serves as a substrate for skin softeners, facial moisturizers, and anti-infective agents. The results of sequence alignment and model visualization indicate that model-1 and model-2 are identical. The evaluation and assessment of model-1 using Ramachandran plots show a favored region of 94.35%, a MolProbity score of 0.98, and a GMQE parameter value of 0.92. Model-1 represents a high-quality three-dimensional protein structure model.
Analisis Toksisitas Senyawa Kimia pada Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) Terhadap Kulit Wajah secara In Siliko.
Moringa oleifera L. leaves are used as an organic facial mask containing phytochemical compounds that can be used to improve facial skin health. However, all chemical compounds have different reactions to the skin. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of Moringa leaves. The method used was descriptive exploratory using the Pubchem web and toxtree software. Moringa leaves contain 14 chemical compounds and from these compounds, 5 compounds were found with the highest peak area (31.82) n-hexadecanoic acid, (27.21) cis-vaccenic acid, (7.21) 3-chloro-n-isochroman-1-ylmethylpropionamide, (4.82) octadecanoic acid, and (2.82) gamma-sitosterol. The results showed that of the five compounds, 3 compounds have the potential to irritate the skin, namely n-hexadecanoic acid, cis-vaccenic acid, and octadecanoic acid. Meanwhile, 2 compounds, namely 3-chloro-n-isochroman-1- ylmethylpropionamide and gamma-sitosterol, do not have the potential to cause irritation.
Pengembangan Modul Ajar Interaktif Berbasis Video Pendek untuk Materi Konversi Energi Mata Kuliah Biologi Sel Dan Molekuler
Innovation in teaching materials is critical to enhancing students' understanding of lecture materials. Visual presentation of materials, such as videos, can assist students in learning complex topics, as seen in the Cell and Molecular Biology course. The aim of this study is to create an interactive teaching module based on short videos for the Energy Conversion material in the Cell and Molecular Biology course. The module was developed using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The module containing the Energy Conversion material in the Cell and Molecular Biology course was built in response to a student survey. Each sub-chapter in the interactive module includes material summaries as well as brief video clips. The videos were created with the OBS application. A short experiment was carried out with representatives from third-semester students. According to the evaluation results, students' grasp of the module material was very good, with a post-test score of 92/100 on average. The evaluation survey findings also revealed that the interactive module assisted 90% of students in learning the Energy Conversion topic, as opposed to before. In general, the module can provide structured and easy-to-understand explanations. The use of videos in the lesson can aid students in understanding complicated materials. However, for the following module, it is advised that the number of analogies in the learning videos be increased to make them easier to understand.